IP電話如何處理網絡風暴?

簡介

概述

當網路發生網路風暴時,電腦網速會嚴重變慢,IP電話也無法正常運作。電話機初次上線時,可能無法取得IP位址。原本正常運作的話機會失去回應,或在畫面上顯示警告圖示。

以下為話機可能出現的警告符號。一般來說,閃電符號外框越大,代表網路風暴越嚴重。

話機畫面 網路風暴警告圖示 嚴重網路風暴警告圖示 重度網路風暴警告圖示

部分環境中,電腦可正常連網,但電話機無法取得IP甚至當機。此狀況並非話機故障。電話機與電腦的CPU設計用途、流量處理能力皆不相同。

若出現網路風暴警告,應判定為網路環境異常,而非電話機本身硬體瑕疵。

黑白螢幕機種會顯示龍捲風圖示;舊版韌體則改用文字警告。以上皆為相同網路異常問題。

黑白機種 網路風暴警告符號

適用機型

本指南適用於本公司全系列IP電話機。

適用對象

本文檔供需排查網路風暴、設定話機靜態IP的使用者與技術支援人員使用。

網路風暴檢測與防禦

常見成因

網路風暴基礎說明請參考下列連結:

https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4/7308277?fr=aladdin

電話機端常見成因如下:

1. 話機雙乙太網埠形成網路迴圈。使用者將兩個網路埠同時接上交換器或路由器,會產生廣播迴圈。

電話機雙網路埠

備註:

(1) LAN埠為WAN埠的橋接延伸埠。適用於辦公桌僅有一條網路線,需同時供電腦與話機上網的環境。主網線接至WAN埠,電腦連接LAN埠即可。

(2) 若網路插座充足,電腦與電話機請獨立配線,話機LAN埠請保持未使用。

WAN/LAN建議配線方式

2. WAN與LAN埠接線相反。WAN需連接上層網路設備,LAN僅可連接電腦等區域終端裝置。

備註:錯誤接線不會立即中斷網路,但會造成後續穩定性異常。

預防方式

請確實將WAN埠連接上層交換器/路由器,LAN埠維持關閉或僅連接區域終端設備。

故障排除

1. 使用Wireshark即時擷取封包為有效排查方式:

https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/60ccbceb65ff2164cbb19777.html

2. Wireshark可於各大軟體平台下載安裝。

3    網路風暴期間區域網路會充斥大量廣播封包,18秒內可擷取超過88萬筆封包。

封包擷取排查網路風暴

4. 替代簡易排查方式:

https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/29697b9101f95fab21de3c6c.html

5. 此方式適合具備基礎網路概念之人員,請參考參考拓樸圖:

故障隔離網路拓樸

操作步驟:

① 電腦開啟Wireshark,連接至A節點並開始擷取封包。

狀況1:A節點異常時,依序拔除B、C、D、E、F、G線路,找出異常分支。

狀況2:A節點流量正常,問題位於A分支內。

② 維持A上層連線,電腦改接A1並重新擷取。

狀況a:異常持續,排查A2、A3、A4。

狀況b:A1運作正常,於該分支內持續隔離故障。

備註:請依實際網路架構調整排查路徑。

目錄
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