港口

寧波鎮海港尋呼、對講與應急通信系統

港口

項目背景

寧波鎮海港是複雜鹽霧、高噪聲作業條件下的重要樞紐。傳統對講與廣播存在訊號盲區、協同效率不足,亟需建置對講、廣播與音視訊聯動的一體化應急通信系統。

    1. 專案背景

    寧波鎮海港作為寧波舟山港核心港區之一,是長三角地區重要的江海聯運樞紐,承擔貨櫃、散雜貨、危險化學品等多種物料的裝卸作業。港區涵蓋碼頭、堆場、航道、罐區等大範圍作業區域,環境複雜,具有鹽霧腐蝕強、電磁干擾強、空間開闊且遮擋少、作業噪聲大等特點。同時,危險化學品作業密集,一旦發生突發事件,對應急響應速度和通信可靠性提出極高要求。
    傳統對講機存在多個訊號盲區且覆蓋範圍有限;固定電話無法支援移動作業;傳統廣播系統只能單向傳輸。這些限制難以滿足「全域覆蓋、快速響應、多部門協同」的應急通信要求。因此,亟需建置一套集尋呼對講、應急廣播、音視訊聯動於一體的綜合應急通信系統。

    2. 核心需求

       需求類別        具體需求
        全域覆蓋         實現碼頭、堆場、罐區、航道等所有區域無盲區語音覆蓋,並支援手持終端、固定電話、尋呼揚聲器互聯互通,多支隊伍可同時在線協同。
        應急聯動         與罐區消防警報、環境監測系統(氣體 / 液位 / 溫度)、影像監控和緊急停車系統深度整合,警報觸發後可自動啟動應急處置流程。
        多網融合         相容海事 VHF、營運商 4G/5G 和工業環網,支援港口、海事、消防、應急管理等多方跨系統通信。
        環境適應性         設備需達到 IP66 及以上防護等級,具備抗鹽霧、抗振動、抗干擾能力,並在斷電後支援 72 小時應急供電。
        音視訊調度         指揮中心可即時查看現場影像,實現語音 + 影像聯動調度,指令可在 3 秒內下達至作業現場。
        精準定位         支援人員 / 車輛 / 關鍵設備即時定位,快速識別事故點和受困人員位置,縮短救援時間。

    3. 整體系統設計

    1. 系統架構(四層架構)

    採用「控制中心 + 傳輸網路 + 現場終端 + 聯動控制」四層架構,兼顧穩定性、擴充性和場景適應性。
       層級        核心設備        功能說明
        控制中心層         貝克 IP 尋呼對講核心伺服器(BK-RCS-U4000)、觸控螢幕調度台(DSC-BD215S-IP)、綜合影像平台(BK-DVG108032P)         作為系統控制樞紐,實現統一指揮、設備管理、多系統聯動和音視訊調度。
        傳輸網路層         工業級光纖環網、5G 專網基站、Mesh 自組網閘道         建構雙冗餘傳輸鏈路(光纖為主、5G/Mesh 為備),具備較短自癒時間,保障訊號不中斷。
        現場終端層         防爆應急求助電話(EX-BT27/EX-BH621)、SIP 尋呼揚聲器(SK 系列)、聲光警報器(AL-200)、手持對講終端         部署於各區域,執行一鍵警報、雙向對講和分區廣播指令,實現現場與中心的即時通信。
        聯動控制層         消防介面模組、環境監測終端、罐區控制單元、影像接入閘道         自動觸發應急事件,並聯動風機、照明、隔離門等設備,減少人工干預,提高響應效率。

    2. 核心技術方案

    (1)多網路融合通信技術

  •         骨幹網路採用工業光纖環網,使用雙環冗餘設計和較短自癒時間,保障終端傳輸穩定;

  •         在作業區域部署專網基站,並透過分散式天線系統(DAS)實現全域覆蓋,解決開闊區域訊號衰減問題;

  •         在罐區、航道等重點區域部署 Mesh 自組網閘道,支援一鍵組網和主網路故障時自動切換,保障 72 小時不間斷應急通信。

    (2)應急聯動機制

環境監測 / 消防警報自動觸發完整應急響應流程:

  •         中心推送警報資訊(位置 + 類型);

  •         現場聲光警報 + 應急廣播引導人員疏散;

  •         聯動啟動風機、緊急切斷閥和應急照明,並關閉隔離門;

  •         資訊同步共享給海事、消防等部門,支援跨部門協同處置。

    (3)精準定位技術

    採用 UWB + 北斗雙模定位方案,在作業區域部署定位基站,並為關鍵設備安裝定位模組,實現低定位誤差。資料即時回傳至調度台,清晰顯示人員軌跡與設備分布,便於快速規劃救援路線。

    4. 系統配置清單

    1. 中心機房設備

       設備名稱        型号        核心功能
        IP 尋呼對講核心伺服器         BK-RCS-U4000         支援 2000+ 終端註冊,具備主備冗餘,避免單點故障。
        觸控螢幕調度台         DSC-BD215S-IP2         1.5 吋觸控螢幕,整合影像監控和語音調度,支援一鍵操作。
        綜合影像平台         BK-DVG108032P         支援多路高清攝影機接入,實現影像預覽、回放和音視訊聯動。
        錄音伺服器         BK-SIP8T         支援 24 小時錄音、10TB 儲存和查詢,便於應急事件追溯。

    2. 現場終端設備

       設備類型        型号        安裝位置        關鍵特性
        防爆應急求助電話         EX-BT27/EX-BH621         碼頭泊位、堆場、罐區每 200 公尺部署         IP67 防護,一鍵呼叫,自動位置上報,耐鹽霧 / 抗振動。
        SIP 尋呼揚聲器         SK 系列         碼頭高桿、燈塔和龍門吊立柱         IP66 防護,高功率(50W),50 公尺覆蓋,抗干擾,語音清晰。
        聲光警報器         AL-200         罐區入口和作業區域交叉口         120dB 高聲壓警報,紅藍頻閃燈,與廣播聯動,觸發即警示。
        手持對講終端         Becke HP-680         作業人員 / 車輛         防水防塵,支援一鍵 SOS,內建 GPS 定位,續航 ≥48 小時。

    5. 核心功能與應用效果

    1. 核心功能實現

       功能模組        實現效果
        一鍵應急求助         突發情況下按下按鈕即可快速接通指揮中心,自動上報位置並實現快速響應。
        全港分區廣播         支援全港 / 分區廣播,應急指令精準覆蓋作業區域,並在噪聲環境下保持清晰可聞。
        多網互聯         打通港口、海事、消防等部門之間的通信壁壘,實現跨系統設備互聯。
        人員 / 設備定位         即時監測人員位置和行動軌跡,快速識別受困點,縮短救援時間。
        音視訊聯動調度         調度台可即時查看現場影像,實現語音 + 影像聯動指揮,輔助更精準決策。
        系統應急聯動         警報自動觸發聲光、廣播和設備聯動,實現自動化響應並減少人為失誤。

    2. 實際應用效果

    系統部署後,解決了鎮海港區通信盲區、指令傳達滯後、多部門協同不暢等痛點,實現了全域覆蓋與多系統一體化聯動。在日常作業中,維護人員可與中心即時溝通設備狀態;在危險化學品洩漏、貨櫃墜落等突發情況下,系統能夠快速響應、全域廣播並支援跨部門協同。系統已成功處置多起輕微應急事件且未發生升級,為港口安全營運提供可靠通信保障,並良好適應鎮海港複雜作業環境和應急需求。
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